Vyākaraṇa

Vyākaraṇa ('analysis') is the Vedāṅga of grammar. Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī (c. 4th century BCE) describes Sanskrit in about 4,000 sūtras arranged in eight chapters, deriving words from roots and affixes by ordered rules; Kātyāyana's vārttikas and Patañjali's Mahābhāṣya form its classical commentary tradition. Its methods of rule-ordering have drawn the attention of modern linguists and computer scientists.