Panchang · Gochar
Gochar 1993: when each graha changes sign
In 1993, Shani moves into Kumbha on 5 Mar; Guru moves into Tula on 12 Oct; Shani moves into Makara on 16 Oct; Shani moves into Kumbha on 10 Nov. Below is every sign change, station and asta period of the nine grahas.
Times in Adelaide (Australia/Adelaide, ACDT/ACST).
The grahas on 1 January 1993
Sidereal (Lahiri) sign, and from when to when. Open a graha for its whole year.
- Surya (Sun)In Dhanusince 15 Dec 1992, until 14 Jan 1993
- Chandra (Moon)In Meenasince 31 Dec 1992, until 2 Jan 1993
- Mangala (Mars)RetrogradeIn Mithunasince 23 Dec 1992, until 14 Apr 1993
- Budha (Mercury)In Dhanusince 29 Dec 1992, until 18 Jan 1993
- Guru (Jupiter)In Kanyasince 11 Sep 1992, until 12 Oct 1993
- Shukra (Venus)In Kumbhasince 29 Dec 1992, until 27 Jan 1993
- Shani (Saturn)In Makarasince 15 Dec 1990, until 5 Mar 1993
- RahuIn Vrishchikasince 30 Oct 1992, until 19 May 1994
- KetuIn Vrishabhasince 30 Oct 1992, until 19 May 1994
Gochar calendar for 1993
Times in Adelaide (Australia/Adelaide, ACDT/ACST). Each is the same instant everywhere on Earth. The Moon changes sign every two and a half days, so its list is on its own page.
Sign changeRetrograde / directAsta / rising
January 1993
14 Jan8:43 am
Surya enters Makara
18 Jan3:11 am
Budha enters Makara
24 Jan8:27 am
Shani becomes combust (asta) until 26 Feb†
27 Jan6:04 am
Shukra enters Meena
29 Jan9:21 am
Guru turns retrograde at 20°56′ Kanya
February 1993
4 Feb2:44 pm
Budha enters Kumbha
12 Feb1:51 am
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
12 Feb9:43 pm
Surya enters Kumbha
15 Feb6:17 pm
Mangala turns direct at 14°55′ Mithuna
26 Feb12:14 am
Budha enters Meena
26 Feb11:33 pm
Shani rises again (asta ends)†
28 Feb9:23 am
Budha turns retrograde at 0°28′ Meena
March 1993
2 Mar6:43 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 Mar†
2 Mar7:10 pm
Budha enters Kumbha (moving backward)
5 Mar9:39 pm
Shani enters Kumbha
11 Mar6:56 pm
Shukra turns retrograde at 26°16′ Meena
14 Mar5:39 pm
Surya enters Meena
15 Mar8:24 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
22 Mar11:14 pm
Budha turns direct at 16°32′ Kumbha
27 Mar10:54 pm
Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 6 Apr†
April 1993
6 Apr10:50 pm
Shukra rises again (asta ends)†
11 Apr4:24 am
Budha enters Meena
14 Apr2:12 am
Surya enters Mesha
14 Apr3:44 pm
Mangala enters Karka
22 Apr11:44 pm
Shukra turns direct at 9°59′ Meena
30 Apr10:53 pm
Budha enters Mesha
May 1993
3 May5:31 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 28 May†
14 May11:06 pm
Surya enters Vrishabha
15 May7:52 pm
Budha enters Vrishabha
28 May3:26 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
30 May2:53 am
Budha enters Mithuna
30 May8:29 pm
Shukra enters Mesha
June 1993
1 Jun10:57 am
Guru turns direct at 11°00′ Kanya
10 Jun2:24 pm
Shani turns retrograde at 6°34′ Kumbha
12 Jun6:04 pm
Mangala enters Simha
15 Jun5:43 am
Surya enters Mithuna
21 Jun12:53 am
Budha enters Karka
30 Jun1:37 pm
Shukra enters Vrishabha
July 1993
2 Jul12:57 am
Budha turns retrograde at 4°30′ Karka
7 Jul2:27 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 23 Jul†
13 Jul3:04 pm
Budha enters Mithuna (moving backward)
16 Jul4:33 pm
Surya enters Karka
23 Jul4:46 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
26 Jul6:20 am
Budha turns direct at 24°23′ Mithuna
27 Jul8:40 pm
Shukra enters Mithuna
August 1993
2 Aug10:42 am
Mangala enters Kanya
5 Aug6:56 pm
Budha enters Karka
15 Aug5:33 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 Sep†
17 Aug12:54 am
Surya enters Simha
22 Aug6:45 pm
Shukra enters Karka
23 Aug1:47 pm
Budha enters Simha
September 1993
8 Sep6:32 am
Budha enters Kanya
15 Sep7:48 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
16 Sep8:41 pm
Shukra enters Simha
17 Sep12:46 am
Surya enters Kanya
18 Sep4:18 am
Mangala enters Tula
27 Sep12:42 am
Budha enters Tula
October 1993
4 Oct2:04 pm
Guru becomes combust (asta) until 1 Nov†
11 Oct8:48 am
Shukra enters Kanya
12 Oct9:34 pm
Guru enters Tula
16 Oct1:05 am
Shani enters Makara (moving backward)
17 Oct12:39 pm
Surya enters Tula
26 Oct8:09 am
Budha turns retrograde at 28°44′ Tula
27 Oct11:01 am
Mangala becomes combust (asta) until 9 Mar†
28 Oct1:41 pm
Shani turns direct at 29°52′ Makara
31 Oct9:58 pm
Mangala enters Vrishchika
November 1993
1 Nov12:35 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 12 Nov†
1 Nov11:15 pm
Guru rises again (asta ends)†
4 Nov12:59 pm
Shukra enters Tula
10 Nov1:18 am
Shani enters Kumbha
12 Nov9:19 am
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
15 Nov4:09 pm
Budha turns direct at 12°46′ Tula
16 Nov1:24 pm
Surya enters Vrishchika
28 Nov11:22 am
Shukra enters Vrishchika
December 1993
3 Dec6:03 am
Budha enters Vrishchika
6 Dec8:16 pm
Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 27 Feb†
9 Dec9:38 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 25 Jan†
12 Dec3:34 am
Mangala enters Dhanu
16 Dec4:02 am
Surya enters Dhanu
22 Dec7:48 am
Shukra enters Dhanu
22 Dec11:43 pm
Budha enters Dhanu
† Practice varies. Texts and almanacs give slightly different asta limits, and some almanacs use the true rather than the mean node for Rahu and Ketu, which can move the nodes’ sign changes by some weeks.
See also: Transits over your chart · Gochar (glossary) · Sade Sati · Ayanamsa · Sankranti
Understand
What gochar is
Gochar means the movement of the grahas: each moves on through the zodiac, and when it crosses from one rasi into the next, that is its sign change (sankramana). This page only says which graha is where, and when. In the classical method gochar is read by counting from a person’s natal Moon sign; to see today’s sky against your own chart, open the transits tool.
Retrograde (vakri) and direct (margi)
Seen from the Earth, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn now and then appear to move backward for a while. That is retrograde motion; the instant the graha stops and turns is a station, and moving forward again is turning direct. It is an effect of the Earth and the planet moving on their orbits at different speeds. The Sun and Moon are never retrograde; Rahu and Ketu (mean) always move backward.
Combustion (asta)
A graha very close to the Sun is lost in its glare; the texts call it asta (set), and its reappearance udaya (rising). The Surya Siddhanta gives a distance limit for each graha. The limits used here: Mangala 17°, Budha 14° (12° when retrograde), Guru 11°, Shukra 10° (8° when retrograde), Shani 15°. Almanacs leave out the asta periods of Guru and Shukra when choosing times for samskaras such as weddings.
Sidereal signs
Indian almanacs count the rasis against the stars (nirayana). Western (tropical) signs run about 24° ahead, so the dates printed there are about three weeks earlier than these. The ayanamsa used here is Lahiri.
How this is calculated
Each graha’s apparent geocentric position from NASA JPL’s DE421 ephemeris, less the Lahiri ayanamsa. The instants of crossing a rasi edge, of zero speed and of reaching the asta limit are found by bisection to under a second. Small differences in ayanamsa can move a slow graha’s time (Shani above all) by a few hours against other almanacs.
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