Panchang · Gochar
Gochar 2049: when each graha changes sign
In 2049, Shani moves into Makara on 6 Mar; Guru moves into Mithuna on 3 Apr; Shani moves into Dhanu on 10 Jul; Guru moves into Karka on 27 Aug; Shani moves into Makara on 4 Dec. Below is every sign change, station and asta period of the nine grahas.
The grahas on 1 January 2049
Sidereal (Lahiri) sign, and from when to when. Open a graha for its whole year.
- Surya (Sun)In Dhanusince 16 Dec 2048, until 14 Jan 2049
- Chandra (Moon)In Tulasince 29 Dec 2048, until 1 Jan 2049
- Mangala (Mars)In Kumbhasince 5 Dec 2048, until 15 Jan 2049
- Budha (Mercury)In Makarasince 26 Dec 2048, until 10 Jan 2049
- Guru (Jupiter)RetrogradeIn Vrishabhasince 28 Dec 2048, until 3 Apr 2049
- Shukra (Venus)In Kumbhasince 28 Dec 2048, until 30 Jan 2049
- Shani (Saturn)In Dhanusince 7 Dec 2046, until 6 Mar 2049
- RahuIn Vrishchikasince 17 Aug 2048, until 6 Mar 2050
- KetuIn Vrishabhasince 17 Aug 2048, until 6 Mar 2050
Gochar calendar for 2049
Times in IST. Each is the same instant everywhere on Earth. The Moon changes sign every two and a half days, so its list is on its own page.
Sign changeRetrograde / directAsta / rising
January 2049
3 Jan4:44 am
Budha turns retrograde at 4°59′ Makara
6 Jan1:11 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 17 Jan†
10 Jan11:52 am
Budha enters Dhanu (moving backward)
14 Jan12:25 pm
Surya enters Makara
15 Jan8:06 am
Mangala enters Meena
17 Jan5:37 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
23 Jan11:49 am
Budha turns direct at 18°49′ Dhanu
25 Jan2:36 am
Shani rises again (asta ends)†
30 Jan1:39 pm
Shukra enters Meena
February 2049
8 Feb5:10 am
Budha enters Makara
13 Feb1:24 am
Surya enters Kumbha
14 Feb6:10 am
Guru turns direct at 26°25′ Vrishabha
23 Feb2:11 am
Shukra turns retrograde at 9°20′ Meena
25 Feb7:58 am
Mangala enters Mesha
March 2049
1 Mar1:34 pm
Budha enters Kumbha
5 Mar4:33 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 5 Apr†
6 Mar2:09 pm
Shani enters Makara
11 Mar3:52 am
Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 21 Mar†
14 Mar10:17 pm
Surya enters Meena
18 Mar12:34 am
Shukra enters Kumbha (moving backward)
18 Mar2:43 pm
Budha enters Meena
21 Mar2:33 am
Shukra rises again (asta ends)†
April 2049
2 Apr2:38 pm
Budha enters Mesha
3 Apr12:13 pm
Guru enters Mithuna
5 Apr7:57 am
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
6 Apr12:08 am
Shukra turns direct at 23°12′ Kumbha
8 Apr6:02 pm
Mangala enters Vrishabha
14 Apr6:46 am
Surya enters Mesha
26 Apr3:40 am
Shukra enters Meena
26 Apr11:49 pm
Budha turns retrograde at 27°07′ Mesha
29 Apr11:53 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 May†
May 2049
6 May2:08 pm
Shani turns retrograde at 2°52′ Makara
15 May3:35 am
Surya enters Vrishabha
15 May7:24 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
20 May7:27 pm
Budha turns direct at 17°43′ Mesha
22 May9:51 pm
Mangala enters Mithuna
31 May1:00 pm
Shukra enters Mesha
June 2049
8 Jun3:21 pm
Budha enters Vrishabha
10 Jun12:34 pm
Mangala becomes combust (asta) until 25 Sep†
15 Jun10:06 am
Surya enters Mithuna
19 Jun12:35 pm
Guru becomes combust (asta) until 19 Jul†
23 Jun4:35 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 18 Jul†
26 Jun6:04 pm
Budha enters Mithuna
28 Jun8:03 pm
Shukra enters Vrishabha
July 2049
7 Jul3:23 pm
Mangala enters Karka
10 Jul4:12 am
Shani enters Dhanu (moving backward)
10 Jul6:29 pm
Budha enters Karka
16 Jul8:54 pm
Surya enters Karka
18 Jul4:55 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
19 Jul5:57 pm
Guru rises again (asta ends)†
25 Jul7:30 am
Shukra enters Mithuna
26 Jul8:44 pm
Budha enters Simha
August 2049
17 Aug5:16 am
Surya enters Simha
19 Aug8:16 pm
Shukra enters Karka
20 Aug7:47 pm
Budha enters Kanya
23 Aug10:19 am
Mangala enters Simha
27 Aug11:55 am
Guru enters Karka
29 Aug12:50 am
Budha turns retrograde at 2°52′ Kanya
September 2049
5 Sep4:15 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 18 Sep†
5 Sep2:00 pm
Budha enters Simha (moving backward)
13 Sep5:16 pm
Shukra enters Simha
17 Sep5:14 am
Surya enters Kanya
18 Sep10:19 am
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
20 Sep7:39 pm
Budha turns direct at 18°44′ Simha
24 Sep9:37 pm
Shani turns direct at 26°13′ Dhanu
25 Sep6:59 am
Mangala rises again (asta ends)†
October 2049
3 Oct11:38 am
Budha enters Kanya
6 Oct2:39 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 19 Nov†
8 Oct2:47 am
Shukra enters Kanya
9 Oct3:15 pm
Mangala enters Kanya
17 Oct5:16 pm
Surya enters Tula
21 Oct1:40 am
Budha enters Tula
November 2049
1 Nov4:47 am
Shukra enters Tula
8 Nov1:11 pm
Budha enters Vrishchika
16 Nov5:10 pm
Surya enters Vrishchika
18 Nov10:50 pm
Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 9 Feb†
19 Nov5:45 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
20 Nov5:54 pm
Guru turns retrograde at 9°49′ Karka
25 Nov2:46 am
Shukra enters Vrishchika
25 Nov7:49 pm
Mangala enters Tula
28 Nov2:35 pm
Budha enters Dhanu
December 2049
4 Dec5:51 am
Shani enters Makara
16 Dec7:53 am
Surya enters Dhanu
18 Dec2:28 am
Budha turns retrograde at 19°04′ Dhanu
18 Dec11:08 pm
Shukra enters Dhanu
21 Dec9:58 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 1 Jan†
† Practice varies. Texts and almanacs give slightly different asta limits, and some almanacs use the true rather than the mean node for Rahu and Ketu, which can move the nodes’ sign changes by some weeks.
See also: Transits over your chart · Gochar (glossary) · Sade Sati · Ayanamsa · Sankranti
Understand
What gochar is
Gochar means the movement of the grahas: each moves on through the zodiac, and when it crosses from one rasi into the next, that is its sign change (sankramana). This page only says which graha is where, and when. In the classical method gochar is read by counting from a person’s natal Moon sign; to see today’s sky against your own chart, open the transits tool.
Retrograde (vakri) and direct (margi)
Seen from the Earth, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn now and then appear to move backward for a while. That is retrograde motion; the instant the graha stops and turns is a station, and moving forward again is turning direct. It is an effect of the Earth and the planet moving on their orbits at different speeds. The Sun and Moon are never retrograde; Rahu and Ketu (mean) always move backward.
Combustion (asta)
A graha very close to the Sun is lost in its glare; the texts call it asta (set), and its reappearance udaya (rising). The Surya Siddhanta gives a distance limit for each graha. The limits used here: Mangala 17°, Budha 14° (12° when retrograde), Guru 11°, Shukra 10° (8° when retrograde), Shani 15°. Almanacs leave out the asta periods of Guru and Shukra when choosing times for samskaras such as weddings.
Sidereal signs
Indian almanacs count the rasis against the stars (nirayana). Western (tropical) signs run about 24° ahead, so the dates printed there are about three weeks earlier than these. The ayanamsa used here is Lahiri.
How this is calculated
Each graha’s apparent geocentric position from NASA JPL’s DE421 ephemeris, less the Lahiri ayanamsa. The instants of crossing a rasi edge, of zero speed and of reaching the asta limit are found by bisection to under a second. Small differences in ayanamsa can move a slow graha’s time (Shani above all) by a few hours against other almanacs.
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