Panchang · Gochar
Gochar 2049: when each graha changes sign
In 2049, Shani moves into Makara on 6 Mar; Guru moves into Mithuna on 3 Apr; Shani moves into Dhanu on 10 Jul; Guru moves into Karka on 27 Aug; Shani moves into Makara on 4 Dec. Below is every sign change, station and asta period of the nine grahas.
Times in Johannesburg (Africa/Johannesburg, UTC+2).
The grahas on 1 January 2049
Sidereal (Lahiri) sign, and from when to when. Open a graha for its whole year.
- Surya (Sun)In Dhanusince 15 Dec 2048, until 14 Jan 2049
- Chandra (Moon)In Vrishchikasince 31 Dec 2048, until 2 Jan 2049
- Mangala (Mars)In Kumbhasince 5 Dec 2048, until 15 Jan 2049
- Budha (Mercury)In Makarasince 25 Dec 2048, until 10 Jan 2049
- Guru (Jupiter)RetrogradeIn Vrishabhasince 27 Dec 2048, until 3 Apr 2049
- Shukra (Venus)In Kumbhasince 28 Dec 2048, until 30 Jan 2049
- Shani (Saturn)In Dhanusince 7 Dec 2046, until 6 Mar 2049
- RahuIn Vrishchikasince 17 Aug 2048, until 6 Mar 2050
- KetuIn Vrishabhasince 17 Aug 2048, until 6 Mar 2050
Gochar calendar for 2049
Times in Johannesburg (Africa/Johannesburg, UTC+2). Each is the same instant everywhere on Earth. The Moon changes sign every two and a half days, so its list is on its own page.
Sign changeRetrograde / directAsta / rising
January 2049
3 Jan1:14 am
Budha turns retrograde at 4°59′ Makara
6 Jan9:41 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 17 Jan†
10 Jan8:22 am
Budha enters Dhanu (moving backward)
14 Jan8:55 am
Surya enters Makara
15 Jan4:36 am
Mangala enters Meena
17 Jan2:07 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
23 Jan8:19 am
Budha turns direct at 18°49′ Dhanu
24 Jan11:06 pm
Shani rises again (asta ends)†
30 Jan10:09 am
Shukra enters Meena
February 2049
8 Feb1:40 am
Budha enters Makara
12 Feb9:54 pm
Surya enters Kumbha
14 Feb2:40 am
Guru turns direct at 26°25′ Vrishabha
22 Feb10:41 pm
Shukra turns retrograde at 9°20′ Meena
25 Feb4:28 am
Mangala enters Mesha
March 2049
1 Mar10:04 am
Budha enters Kumbha
5 Mar1:03 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 5 Apr†
6 Mar10:39 am
Shani enters Makara
11 Mar12:22 am
Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 20 Mar†
14 Mar6:47 pm
Surya enters Meena
17 Mar9:04 pm
Shukra enters Kumbha (moving backward)
18 Mar11:13 am
Budha enters Meena
20 Mar11:03 pm
Shukra rises again (asta ends)†
April 2049
2 Apr11:08 am
Budha enters Mesha
3 Apr8:43 am
Guru enters Mithuna
5 Apr4:27 am
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
5 Apr8:38 pm
Shukra turns direct at 23°12′ Kumbha
8 Apr2:32 pm
Mangala enters Vrishabha
14 Apr3:16 am
Surya enters Mesha
26 Apr12:10 am
Shukra enters Meena
26 Apr8:19 pm
Budha turns retrograde at 27°07′ Mesha
29 Apr8:23 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 May†
May 2049
6 May10:38 am
Shani turns retrograde at 2°52′ Makara
15 May12:05 am
Surya enters Vrishabha
15 May3:54 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
20 May3:57 pm
Budha turns direct at 17°43′ Mesha
22 May6:21 pm
Mangala enters Mithuna
31 May9:30 am
Shukra enters Mesha
June 2049
8 Jun11:51 am
Budha enters Vrishabha
10 Jun9:04 am
Mangala becomes combust (asta) until 25 Sep†
15 Jun6:36 am
Surya enters Mithuna
19 Jun9:05 am
Guru becomes combust (asta) until 19 Jul†
23 Jun1:05 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 18 Jul†
26 Jun2:34 pm
Budha enters Mithuna
28 Jun4:33 pm
Shukra enters Vrishabha
July 2049
7 Jul11:53 am
Mangala enters Karka
10 Jul12:42 am
Shani enters Dhanu (moving backward)
10 Jul2:59 pm
Budha enters Karka
16 Jul5:24 pm
Surya enters Karka
18 Jul1:25 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
19 Jul2:27 pm
Guru rises again (asta ends)†
25 Jul4:00 am
Shukra enters Mithuna
26 Jul5:14 pm
Budha enters Simha
August 2049
17 Aug1:46 am
Surya enters Simha
19 Aug4:46 pm
Shukra enters Karka
20 Aug4:17 pm
Budha enters Kanya
23 Aug6:49 am
Mangala enters Simha
27 Aug8:25 am
Guru enters Karka
28 Aug9:20 pm
Budha turns retrograde at 2°52′ Kanya
September 2049
5 Sep12:45 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 18 Sep†
5 Sep10:30 am
Budha enters Simha (moving backward)
13 Sep1:46 pm
Shukra enters Simha
17 Sep1:44 am
Surya enters Kanya
18 Sep6:49 am
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
20 Sep4:09 pm
Budha turns direct at 18°44′ Simha
24 Sep6:07 pm
Shani turns direct at 26°13′ Dhanu
25 Sep3:29 am
Mangala rises again (asta ends)†
October 2049
3 Oct8:08 am
Budha enters Kanya
6 Oct11:09 am
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 19 Nov†
7 Oct11:17 pm
Shukra enters Kanya
9 Oct11:45 am
Mangala enters Kanya
17 Oct1:46 pm
Surya enters Tula
20 Oct10:10 pm
Budha enters Tula
November 2049
1 Nov1:17 am
Shukra enters Tula
8 Nov9:41 am
Budha enters Vrishchika
16 Nov1:40 pm
Surya enters Vrishchika
18 Nov7:20 pm
Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 9 Feb†
19 Nov2:15 pm
Budha rises again (asta ends)†
20 Nov2:24 pm
Guru turns retrograde at 9°49′ Karka
24 Nov11:16 pm
Shukra enters Vrishchika
25 Nov4:19 pm
Mangala enters Tula
28 Nov11:05 am
Budha enters Dhanu
December 2049
4 Dec2:21 am
Shani enters Makara
16 Dec4:23 am
Surya enters Dhanu
17 Dec10:58 pm
Budha turns retrograde at 19°04′ Dhanu
18 Dec7:38 pm
Shukra enters Dhanu
21 Dec6:28 pm
Budha becomes combust (asta) until 1 Jan†
† Practice varies. Texts and almanacs give slightly different asta limits, and some almanacs use the true rather than the mean node for Rahu and Ketu, which can move the nodes’ sign changes by some weeks.
See also: Transits over your chart · Gochar (glossary) · Sade Sati · Ayanamsa · Sankranti
Understand
What gochar is
Gochar means the movement of the grahas: each moves on through the zodiac, and when it crosses from one rasi into the next, that is its sign change (sankramana). This page only says which graha is where, and when. In the classical method gochar is read by counting from a person’s natal Moon sign; to see today’s sky against your own chart, open the transits tool.
Retrograde (vakri) and direct (margi)
Seen from the Earth, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn now and then appear to move backward for a while. That is retrograde motion; the instant the graha stops and turns is a station, and moving forward again is turning direct. It is an effect of the Earth and the planet moving on their orbits at different speeds. The Sun and Moon are never retrograde; Rahu and Ketu (mean) always move backward.
Combustion (asta)
A graha very close to the Sun is lost in its glare; the texts call it asta (set), and its reappearance udaya (rising). The Surya Siddhanta gives a distance limit for each graha. The limits used here: Mangala 17°, Budha 14° (12° when retrograde), Guru 11°, Shukra 10° (8° when retrograde), Shani 15°. Almanacs leave out the asta periods of Guru and Shukra when choosing times for samskaras such as weddings.
Sidereal signs
Indian almanacs count the rasis against the stars (nirayana). Western (tropical) signs run about 24° ahead, so the dates printed there are about three weeks earlier than these. The ayanamsa used here is Lahiri.
How this is calculated
Each graha’s apparent geocentric position from NASA JPL’s DE421 ephemeris, less the Lahiri ayanamsa. The instants of crossing a rasi edge, of zero speed and of reaching the asta limit are found by bisection to under a second. Small differences in ayanamsa can move a slow graha’s time (Shani above all) by a few hours against other almanacs.
More from the Panchang
- TodayToday’s five limbs, good and avoided times, and choghadiya.
- Month calendarEvery tithi, nakshatra and festival of the month.
- Festivals and vratsThe year’s festivals, vrats, Ekadashis and full moons.
- Muhurta finderGood times for everyday undertakings, with the reasons.
- ChoghadiyaThe eight parts of day and night, and which one is running.
- Rahu KaalToday’s Rahu Kaal, Gulika and Yamaganda.
- PanchakPanchak in the coming months, and what the texts say about it.
- BhadraWhen Bhadra (Vishti karana) runs, and where it is said to reside.
- SankrantiThe twelve sankrantis of the year, with times and punya kaal.
- EclipsesThe year’s solar and lunar eclipses, contact times and sutak.
- Date converterThe Hindu date for any Gregorian date.
- Birthday tithiYour janma tithi and its dates in the coming years.
- Name syllablesName syllables for each nakshatra pada, from the avakahada chakra.