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Panchang · Gochar

Gochar 1990: when each graha changes sign

In 1990, Shani moves into Makara on 20 Mar; Shani moves into Dhanu on 20 Jun; Guru moves into Karka on 20 Jul; Shani moves into Makara on 14 Dec. Below is every sign change, station and asta period of the nine grahas.

The grahas on 1 January 1990

Sidereal (Lahiri) sign, and from when to when. Open a graha for its whole year.

Gochar calendar for 1990

Times in IST. Each is the same instant everywhere on Earth. The Moon changes sign every two and a half days, so its list is on its own page.

Sign changeRetrograde / directAsta / rising

January 1990

  • 3 Jan3:10 pm

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 14 Jan†

  • 4 Jan10:44 pm

    Budha enters Dhanu (moving backward)

  • 14 Jan5:37 am

    Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 24 Jan†

  • 14 Jan9:20 am

    Surya enters Makara

  • 14 Jan6:33 pm

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 20 Jan10:01 am

    Budha turns direct at 15°59′ Dhanu

  • 21 Jan1:28 am

    Mangala enters Dhanu

  • 23 Jan6:16 pm

    Shani rises again (asta ends)†

  • 24 Jan3:09 am

    Shukra rises again (asta ends)†

  • 27 Jan8:46 pm

    Shukra enters Dhanu (moving backward)

February 1990

  • 7 Feb9:56 am

    Budha enters Makara

  • 8 Feb2:47 pm

    Shukra turns direct at 27°13′ Dhanu

  • 12 Feb10:20 pm

    Surya enters Kumbha

  • 20 Feb9:17 pm

    Shukra enters Makara

  • 25 Feb1:00 am

    Guru turns direct at 7°05′ Mithuna

  • 28 Feb3:52 am

    Budha enters Kumbha

March 1990

  • 2 Mar6:28 am

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 2 Apr†

  • 3 Mar8:59 am

    Mangala enters Makara

  • 14 Mar7:15 pm

    Surya enters Meena

  • 17 Mar12:40 am

    Budha enters Meena

  • 20 Mar11:29 pm

    Shani enters Makara

  • 31 Mar9:19 am

    Shukra enters Kumbha

April 1990

  • 1 Apr2:30 am

    Budha enters Mesha

  • 2 Apr9:55 am

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 12 Apr6:02 pm

    Mangala enters Kumbha

  • 14 Apr3:46 am

    Surya enters Mesha

  • 23 Apr12:23 pm

    Budha turns retrograde at 23°49′ Mesha

  • 25 Apr11:08 pm

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 12 May†

  • 28 Apr5:56 pm

    Shukra enters Meena

May 1990

  • 5 May3:38 am

    Shani turns retrograde at 1°37′ Makara

  • 12 May2:57 am

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 15 May12:38 am

    Surya enters Vrishabha

  • 17 May7:32 am

    Budha turns direct at 14°12′ Mesha

  • 22 May11:54 pm

    Mangala enters Meena

  • 25 May5:26 am

    Shukra enters Mesha

June 1990

  • 7 Jun10:05 pm

    Budha enters Vrishabha

  • 15 Jun7:12 am

    Surya enters Mithuna

  • 19 Jun10:12 pm

    Shukra enters Vrishabha

  • 20 Jun7:22 pm

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 Jul†

  • 20 Jun8:05 pm

    Shani enters Dhanu (moving backward)

  • 25 Jun3:20 am

    Budha enters Mithuna

  • 30 Jun9:07 am

    Guru becomes combust (asta) until 30 Jul†

July 1990

  • 3 Jul4:04 pm

    Mangala enters Mesha

  • 9 Jul2:56 am

    Budha enters Karka

  • 15 Jul3:40 am

    Shukra enters Mithuna

  • 15 Jul4:48 pm

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 16 Jul6:01 pm

    Surya enters Karka

  • 20 Jul10:51 pm

    Guru enters Karka

  • 25 Jul1:02 pm

    Budha enters Simha

  • 30 Jul11:53 am

    Guru rises again (asta ends)†

August 1990

  • 8 Aug11:53 pm

    Shukra enters Karka

  • 17 Aug2:22 am

    Surya enters Simha

  • 19 Aug8:24 pm

    Mangala enters Vrishabha

  • 25 Aug7:37 pm

    Budha turns retrograde at 29°51′ Simha

September 1990

  • 1 Sep11:21 pm

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 Sep†

  • 2 Sep11:44 am

    Shukra enters Simha

  • 15 Sep8:36 am

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 17 Sep2:17 am

    Surya enters Kanya

  • 17 Sep5:36 pm

    Budha turns direct at 15°52′ Simha

  • 23 Sep11:13 am

    Shani turns direct at 24°59′ Dhanu

  • 24 Sep9:48 am

    Shukra becomes combust (asta) until 12 Dec†

  • 26 Sep4:47 pm

    Shukra enters Kanya

October 1990

  • 2 Oct5:56 am

    Budha enters Kanya

  • 3 Oct12:11 pm

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 15 Nov†

  • 17 Oct2:15 pm

    Surya enters Tula

  • 19 Oct1:44 pm

    Budha enters Tula

  • 20 Oct5:19 pm

    Shukra enters Tula

  • 21 Oct12:55 am

    Mangala turns retrograde at 20°50′ Vrishabha

November 1990

  • 7 Nov3:18 am

    Budha enters Vrishchika

  • 13 Nov3:32 pm

    Shukra enters Vrishchika

  • 15 Nov9:43 pm

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 16 Nov2:05 pm

    Surya enters Vrishchika

  • 27 Nov11:06 am

    Budha enters Dhanu

  • 30 Nov10:16 am

    Guru turns retrograde at 19°52′ Karka

December 1990

  • 7 Dec12:54 pm

    Shukra enters Dhanu

  • 12 Dec12:38 pm

    Shukra rises again (asta ends)†

  • 14 Dec11:21 pm

    Shani enters Makara

  • 15 Dec2:38 am

    Budha turns retrograde at 16°17′ Dhanu

  • 16 Dec4:45 am

    Surya enters Dhanu

  • 19 Dec12:05 am

    Budha becomes combust (asta) until 29 Dec†

  • 29 Dec11:34 pm

    Budha rises again (asta ends)†

  • 31 Dec10:28 am

    Shukra enters Makara

† Practice varies. Texts and almanacs give slightly different asta limits, and some almanacs use the true rather than the mean node for Rahu and Ketu, which can move the nodes’ sign changes by some weeks.

See also: Transits over your chart · Gochar (glossary) · Sade Sati · Ayanamsa · Sankranti

Understand

What gochar is

Gochar means the movement of the grahas: each moves on through the zodiac, and when it crosses from one rasi into the next, that is its sign change (sankramana). This page only says which graha is where, and when. In the classical method gochar is read by counting from a person’s natal Moon sign; to see today’s sky against your own chart, open the transits tool.

Retrograde (vakri) and direct (margi)

Seen from the Earth, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn now and then appear to move backward for a while. That is retrograde motion; the instant the graha stops and turns is a station, and moving forward again is turning direct. It is an effect of the Earth and the planet moving on their orbits at different speeds. The Sun and Moon are never retrograde; Rahu and Ketu (mean) always move backward.

Combustion (asta)

A graha very close to the Sun is lost in its glare; the texts call it asta (set), and its reappearance udaya (rising). The Surya Siddhanta gives a distance limit for each graha. The limits used here: Mangala 17°, Budha 14° (12° when retrograde), Guru 11°, Shukra 10° (8° when retrograde), Shani 15°. Almanacs leave out the asta periods of Guru and Shukra when choosing times for samskaras such as weddings.

Sidereal signs

Indian almanacs count the rasis against the stars (nirayana). Western (tropical) signs run about 24° ahead, so the dates printed there are about three weeks earlier than these. The ayanamsa used here is Lahiri.

How this is calculated

Each graha’s apparent geocentric position from NASA JPL’s DE421 ephemeris, less the Lahiri ayanamsa. The instants of crossing a rasi edge, of zero speed and of reaching the asta limit are found by bisection to under a second. Small differences in ayanamsa can move a slow graha’s time (Shani above all) by a few hours against other almanacs.

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